EBUS
Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration:
EBUS-TBNA known as Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration is a minimally invasive procedure that is used to take tissue or fluid samples from lymph nodes in the chest or from masses near the windpipe and large airways.
This allows doctors to diagnose conditions like lung cancer, lymphoma, and sarcoidosis, and to stage lung cancer accurately.
A flexible tube with a camera called the bronchoscope is inserted into the lungs. The bronchoscope has an ultrasound probe that creates real-time images, thereby helping the doctor guide the scope to the specific lymph node or lesion. Then a needle is passed through the bronchoscope to collect samples for biopsy.
It is used in:
⇒Diagnosis: To identify the cause of enlarged lymph nodes, in cases of lung cancer, lymphoma, or infections.
⇒Staging: To determine the extent of cancer spread to the lymph nodes, thus evaluate and decide the treatment plan.
⇒Molecular testing: The samples can be used for molecular analysis to guide targeted therapies.
The benefits of this procedure are:
⇒Minimally invasive: It is less invasive in comparison to surgical procedures like mediastinoscopy.
⇒High accuracy: It has a high diagnostic accuracy, for lung cancer diagnosis and staging.
⇒Safety: It is considered a safe procedure with a low risk of complications.
⇒Convenience: It is an outpatient procedure, mostly under sedation or local anaesthesia, though sometimes general anaesthesia may be required.
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