⇒Pain Management:Effective pain control is central to quality end-of-life care. Medications such as opioids and adjuvant analgesics are used to relieve pain and other distressing symptoms like breathlessness, nausea, or restlessness. Non-drug measures—such as gentle massage, positioning for comfort, relaxation techniques, and soothing music—can enhance relief. Regular pain assessment and timely adjustment of medication help maintain comfort and support a peaceful experience.

⇒Comfort Measures:Comfort care involves creating a calm, supportive environment where patients feel safe and cared for. Attention is given to relieving discomfort, maintaining hygiene, preventing bed sores, providing adequate hydration and mouth care, and supporting restful sleep. Emotional reassurance, presence of loved ones, and compassionate communication from caregivers help ease anxiety and bring solace.

⇒Spiritual Support:Spiritual care helps patients find meaning, peace, and acceptance as they approach the end of life. It may include prayer, meditation, chanting, reading sacred texts, or connecting with faith leaders. For those less religious, comfort may be found in nature, music, or personal reflection. Family members and caregivers also need spiritual and emotional support through counselling, open conversations, and bereavement care to help them cope with loss and grief.

Together, pain management, comfort, and spiritual support form the essence of holistic end-of-life care—honouring the patient’s values while ensuring peace and dignity in their final journey.